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【周末杂谈】热爱雪道

首页 > 资讯 > 【周末杂谈】热爱雪道

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【周末杂谈】热爱雪道
周末杂谈
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2021-02-14

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当老师成为过时和多余,学生可以进入下一阶段学习时,教育才算成功

今天是大年初三,想必大家都沉浸在喜庆的过年气氛中。《周末杂谈》也凑个热闹,分享一篇关于孩子教育和成长的文章。原文刊载于今年一月的美联航Hemispheres旅游和购物杂志,用意恐怕是介绍美国怀俄明州著名的Jackson Hole滑雪胜地。但文中关于孩子如何在滑雪运动中成长、家长的作用、孩子和家长的心情和思考方面的内容,给人以启发,且文笔引人。这里给出的译文也许基本意思有了,但读起来的感受与原文相比,可能差不少。所以,特将原文附在本文最后,方便有兴趣者阅读。原文作者是美国普林斯顿大学创意写作教授,多产作家,常在“纽约客”和“纽约时报”上发表文章。

祝大家新春快乐!


热爱雪道
Aleksandar Hemon分享对滑雪的热爱是如何家传的
美联航Hemispheres杂志2021年1月1日

我最早的滑雪记忆发生在70年代初,在我长大的萨拉热窝、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那附近的一座山脉Jahorina 上。那时我妹妹三岁左右;我七岁。我俩都不希望在一个重雾弥漫极其寒冷的日子去滑雪。其实,我们任何一天都不想去滑雪。但父亲坚持,并绝不接受任何逃避滑雪的借口。那是Gore-Tex或任何其他耐寒材料出现之前的时代,因此我们只能穿戴着聊胜于无的羊毛手套、帽子和袜子。我们系紧靴子上的鞋带,但这样也减少了血液流通,导致脚趾冻伤;我们的滑雪板是木制的,带有钢制边缘和金属丝固定器,所有这些在低温下都会粘在羊毛甚至皮肤上。

1984年萨拉热窝冬季奥运会期间,女子速降滑雪比赛在Jahorina举行,那时该地区已经非常发达,有酒店,很多修整很好的雪道,并且有快速缆车。但在70年代初,山上只有三个不相连的单椅滑雪缆车,所以我只能独自坐缆车到山顶,脚下的深渊令我恐惧。妹妹虽然坐在父亲的腿上,但也有着她自己的恐惧。山上没有雪道,更不用说修整的雪道了,也就是说整个山峰都是没有围护的。没有救援巡护人员,到处都是岩石和树桩,而且没有任何警示标记。那时,即使是国际滑雪比赛,都没有人佩戴安全保护头盔。

我对这段悲惨征程的记忆在很大程度上是视觉上的:我可以看到父亲和夹在他的滑雪板之间哭泣的妹妹,雪深到我肩膀,我奋力跟上他们,因为我知道,如果摔倒,就会消失在厚厚的积雪之中,直到明年春天才能被发现。世上没有比在火旁烤冻僵的手指和脚趾更让我向往的了,但我先要在几个小时的滑雪中保住命。

在许多次这样的悲惨征程后,包括两次受伤并在一次冬季滑雪训练营中被霸凌,我开始讨厌滑雪。但是我们家在Jahorina有一小木屋,几乎每个周末都在那里度过,包括所有节日和寒假。我除了滑雪之外别无选择,因此尽管我一直坚决抵抗并试图破坏滑雪活动,但我还是继续滑雪。父亲一直坚持让我滑下去,最终我摆脱了恐惧并不再抵抗。13岁左右,我成为了一名优秀的滑雪者并开始热爱滑雪,直到成为狂热者,并且现在仍是。

我成年后的大部分时间都生活在美国,大约30年,滑遍了整个北美大陆:从不具有挑战性的中西部山丘,到科罗拉多州的Arapahoe Basin(北美最高的滑雪山峰之一,译者注),从佛蒙特州Killington,到蒙大拿州的Big Mountain;从加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的Whistler,到魁北克省的Mountain Tremblant。我曾在作品中称滑粉雪(含水量极低的干粉状雪,是滑雪狂热者追求的最理想滑雪条件,译者注)胜过性爱,这让我妻子蹙眉。我有一张Ski Tracks手机应用程序的截图,显示我曾在科罗拉多州Breckenridge雪场创下的个人速度记录(60.3英里/小时 = 96公里/小时)。不可思议的是,我这个50多岁、身处中年危机中的人,看到雪季的第一场雪花后就泪流满面,并订阅了许多北美山区的降雪报道。

我阅读有关新滑雪器具的评论,并在怀俄明州的Jackson Hole或纽约州的Lake Placid(另一冬奥会场地)上随机寻找住所。众所周知,我常讨论在三钻雪道(最具有挑战性的雪道,译者注)上滑雪的形而上学与瞬间消失的哲学价值,并引用了《尚存与虚无》(Jean-Paul Sartre)对理论支持。我常常担心如果在我离开人间时,还没有滑够雪可怎么办。我可以瞬间说出,从早晨在犹他州的Alta滑新鲜的粉雪到下午在蒙大拿州 Big Sky的Dictator Chutes滑雪之间,我印象最深刻的10次滑雪体验。

但是,还有另一份更重要的滑雪体验记录,列出了我最美好的滑雪经历,那就是关于我现年13岁的女儿艾拉(Ella)的。由于童年时在雪山上遭受的折磨,对于我的孩子们,在他们不想滑雪时,我绝不强迫,以免给他们造成伤害。我会让他们按照自己的节奏学习。不过,当我带2岁半的艾拉在Jackson Hole修整很好的初学者雪道上,在我的两板之间带着她滑行时,她喜欢并愿意上专业教练指导的滑雪课程。我能回忆起她第一次独立滑行时,她的教练因为担心她滑得太快会摔倒而在她前面大声喊:“停下,艾拉!停下!”但她没有摔倒,而是不停地滑。从此,我们共同的滑雪记忆(目前对我比对她更有意义)就开始慢慢累积了。

当她5岁时,我们在佛蒙特州的Stowe滑过21摄氏度的春季泥雪(春天温度高,雪湿,不如初冬的干粉雪好滑,译者注),在炽烈的阳光下眼圈都晒黑了。她6岁那年,我们在她喜欢的科罗拉多州Copper Mountain的树林中滑雪。在一次滑行中,她突然在一个难滑坡处停了下来,为避免撞到她,我跌到一边。她对我说,“爸爸,这个坡对你来讲可能是太陡了!” 9岁那年,她在科罗拉多州的Keystone创下了个人速度记录(32 英里/小时 = 52公里/小时)。我教她在斜坡上做360度的转弯。她10岁时的一个周末清晨,我们睡眼惺忪地开车去威斯康星州的Wilmot Mountain,参加她的滑雪队训练课,她觉得乏味,因为她不喜欢比赛。

很多父母都知道,把你的知识(无论是什么知识)传授给你的孩子会有一些奇妙的感受。在权威与爱之间,在坚持与诱导之间,在以为无论传授的是什么都会在无法设想的将来有用(也许没用),在以为他人也会像你一样地对所传授的知识感到兴奋和有热情,在所有这些之间,存在着微妙而必要的平衡。当然,你不可能让孩子喜欢她不喜欢做的事。但也许在未来的某个时刻,当她已经擅于做这件事了(无论她擅长做什么),她就可以在一个完全不同的层次上,喜欢上这件事了呢。学习就像养育孩子一样,需要耐心和勇气。

我最喜爱的艾拉滑雪记忆,是从她7岁时在Jackson Hole的那段时间开始的。我们坐四轮山地摩托车到其中一个山顶,一起滑下,然后分开 – 她将继续沿蓝道(中级难度的雪道,译者注)滑行,而我则穿过树林,然后沿着高低起伏的陡坡滑下,再穿过一个20英尺(约7米)的陡壁,到达著名的Moran Face顶部,接下去是一条又长又陡峭的双黑钻级别的难滑雪道,上面有很多硬的驼峰状和不规则形状的积雪。我们将在Moran Face的底部碰面。滑了几次之后,艾拉想与我一起滑。我从不想当然的认为她不能做她想做的事,,但我确实觉得需要警告她,告知她将要经历的风险:树林,第一个陡坡,陡壁的横越,以及雪道很长、在到达底部之前,中间没有任何可以降低风险的岔口。如果她失去控制,我将无法抓到她,我告诉她:我会紧跟在她身后,不过一旦开始滑,她只能靠自己了。

听完后,她仍然想滑,所以我们就滑了。我紧跟着她,准备在需要时提供帮助。她非常小心谨慎地一路滑行,没摔倒,也没失控。我们一起滑到了Moran Face的底部。她想再滑。我们又滑了几次,每次她都变得更加勇敢和放松。只有一次,她摔倒后需要我拉她起来。我是一个非常自豪的父亲,因为我有勇气见证她的机智、专注和决心。

最后,她觉得足够了,我们决定在午餐前再滑几次蓝道。在坐缆车时,我问她刚才滑Moran Face时是否有恐惧。是的,她说。我接着问,你最害怕的是哪里?穿过树林?在第一陡坡?横越陡壁?还是面对似乎无尽的大斜坡?她说,我一路都很害怕。在那一刻,我就清楚了。她的成就在于她的勇气和韧性。她克服了恐惧,在恐惧中一路滑行。这是第一次 - 但不是最后一次 – 艾拉让我对她的一生感到放心,因为她向我证明了,而且更为重要的是,向她自己证明了,她的坚强和勇敢,以及不畏挑战。

但是,正如任何教书人都知道的那样,只有当老师成为过时和多余,学生可以进入下一阶段学习时,教育才算成功。而且,正如任何父母所知道的那样,总会有一个阶段(希望仅仅是一个阶段),孩子觉得与父母共度时光根本不酷。艾拉仍然让我与她一起滑黑钻石雪道,但她开始对单板滑雪感兴趣了,这方面我帮不上忙。她现在对冰雪的热情与其朋友们的参与和兴趣成正比。所有这些使我更加珍惜与她一起在山坡上度过的每一刻。我也默默地希望,在一个充满大雪的未来中,她会生动地回忆起我们的冒险经历,并缅怀着她战胜恐惧的那一天。那一刻将是我最大的滑雪成就。

Aleksandar Hemon是七本英文小说和非小说书籍的作者,最近出版的回忆录是《My Parents: An Introduction / This Does Not Belong to You。我的父母:简介/不属于你》。他是美国普林斯顿大学创意写作教授。

编译:榆木疙瘩

Loving the Tracks
Aleksandar Hemon sharing how the love of skiing was passed down through the generations of his family
United Airlines Hemispheres Magazine January 1, 2021

My earliest skiing memory rakes place in the early 1970s, at Jahorina, a mountain near Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, where I grew up. My sister is 3 or so; I am 7. Neither of us wants to go skiing on an extremely foggy and cold day – or on any other day, for that matter – but my father is determined to take my sister and me skiing, and all the escape routes are firmly blocked. This is taking place in the era before Gore-Tex or any other weather proof material, so we are wearing weather-helpless wool mittens, hats, and socks. Our boots are tightly laced, which reduces circulation and guarantees frozen toes, and our skis are wooden, with steel edges and wire binders, all of which sticks to wool (and skin) at low temperatures.

During the 1984 Winter Olympics, which Sarajevo would host, women’s downhill skiing competitions would be held at Jahorina, by which point the mountain would be well developed, with hotels, many groomed runs, and fast chairlifts. But in the early 70’s there are only three unconnected single-chair ski lifts on the mountain, so I have to ride to the top all by myself, terrified of the abyss under my feet, while my sister experiences her own terrors in my father’s laps. There are no defined runs, let alone groomed ones, which is to say that the whole mountain is effectively out of bounds. There are no ski patrols, and rocks and tree stumps are abundant and unmarked – all at a time when not even competitive international skiers are considering wearing helmets.

My memory of our mis-expedition is largely visual: I can see my father with my wailing sister between his skis, plowing down a narrow groove in the snow that is up to my shoulders, while I struggle to keep up with them and not to fall, convinced that if I do, I will vanish in the thick snow and not be found until the next spring. There is nothing I want in the world more than to defrost my fingers and toes by the fire, but it would be hours before we would be safe.

After many such misadventures, including an injury of two and being bullied at a winter-break skiing camp, I grew to hate skiing. But we had a cabin at Jahorina and spent just about every week-end and holiday and winter break there. I had no choice but to ski, and so I kept skiing, despite my committed resistance and concerted efforts at sabotage. My father kept at making me ski, and I eventually shed my fears and resistance. Around the age of 13 or so, I somehow became a good skier and started loving skiing, until I became a fanatic, which is what I am now.

I've lived in the United States most of my adult life, for about 30 years now, and have skied all over this continent: from the unchallenging Midwestern hills to Arapahoe Basin, Colorado; from Killington, Vermont, to Big Mountain, Montana; from Whistler, British Columbia, to Mountain Tremblant, Quebec. I am the person who has claimed in print that skiing in powder can be better than sex, which my wife has frowned upon. I keep a screenshot of the Ski Tracks app showing my personal speed record (60.3 mph), achieved in Breckenridge, Colorado. Dubiously enjoying a midlife crisis in my late 50s, I tear up at the sight of the first snowflake of the season and subscribe to snow reports for many a North American mountain.

I read reviews of new ski models and randomly look up property in Jackson Hole or Lake Placid (another Winter Olympics site). I have been known to venture into extensive monologues on the metaphysics of skiing on a triple-diamond run and the philosophical value of improvising within a vanishing moment, all the while referencing the ideas on skiing espoused y Jean-Paul Sartre in Being and Nothingness. I am haunted by the likelihood that I will not have skied enough by the time I say goodbye to the early slopes. At the drop of a helmet, I can list my 10 greatest skiing experiences, the stop spot presently shared between a morning spend in the fresh powder of an Alta, Utah, bowl and an afternoon in the Dictator Chutes in Big Sky, Montana.

But there is a separate, more important list of my greatest skiing experiences, one that features my daughter Ella, who is now 13. Due to the mountain torments of my childhood, I was determined not to traumatizing my children by forcing them so ski when they didn’t want to; I would let them learn at the own pace. Still, Ella was 2 and half when I took her up a short beginners chair lift in Jackson Hole and skied down on the greens of groomed runs, holding here between my skies. She enjoyed it and was subsequently willing to take skiing classed with a professional instructor. I can recall her first independent run, and her instructor skiing backward in front of her, telling her forcefully: “Red light, Ella! Red light!” as he worried that she was going too fast and might fall. She didn’t fall, and kept on skiing, and our shared memories (currently more valuable to me than to her) slowly accrued.

When she was 5, we skied through spring slush at 70 degrees in Stowe, Vermont, and ended up with raccoon eyes from the blazing sun. When she was 6, we skied in the trees at Copper Mountain, Colorado, which she loved. On one of the runs, she abruptly stopped at an awkward point, and I fell to the side lest I run into her. She said to me, “Tara, this might be a little too steep for you!” When she was 9, in Keystone, Colorado, she reached her personal speed record (32 mph) and I taught her to make a 360-degree turn on the slope. When she was 10, we drowsily drove on early weekend mornings to Wilmot Mountain, Wisconsin (the Matterhorn of the Midwest!), for her ski-team training sessions, which she didn’t enjoy because she doesn't like competing.

As many a parent knows, there is something amazing about transferring your knowledge – whatever it is – onto your child. There is the delicate and necessary balance between authority and love, between insistence and cajoling, the trickiness of assuming that whatever is imparted might be useful (or not) in some as yet unimaginable future, the danger of projecting your own excitement and enthusiasm onto someone else. Of course, you cannot make your child love something she does not love, yet she might not love it until she has reached that point in the future when she is good at it – whatever it is – and can enjoy it as an entirely different level. Learning, like parenting, requires patience and courage.

My favorite skiing memory with Ella is from the time we were in Jackson Hole when she was 7. We would take a quad to one of the summits and ski down together for bit, then split – she would continue on a blue run, while I would break off and go through the trees, then down a slope with quite a few large moguls, then across a little 20-foot cliff to reach the top of the Moran Face, a very long and steep double-black-diamond run with hard humps and shaved crud. We would meet at the bottom of the Moran Face. After a few times, Ella wanted to join me. I never wanted to assume that she could not do something she wanted to do, but I did have to warn her and describe what she would have to through: the trees, the first deep slope, the traverse of the little cliff, and the difficulty of the big run, from which where was no way to escape to an easier one until its very bottom. I would not be able catch her if she lost control, I told her: I would be right behind her, but she would pretty much be on her won.

She still wanted to do it, and so on we went. I followed in her wake, ready to help if need be. Very carefully and cautiously, she made her decisions, never falling, never losing control. We made it down the Moran Face together, and she wanted to do it again. We did it a few more times, and on each run she got braver and more relaxed. Only once did I have to help her get up. I was very proud father, as I could bear witness to her intelligence, focus, and determination.

Eventually, she was done with it, and we decided to finish up with a few blue runs together before lunch. On the lift up, I asked her if she’d be scared skiing the Moran Face. Yes, she said, she was. When was she most afraid? I pressed on. Through the trees? On the first difficult slop? Traversing the little cliff? O facing the seemingly endless slope? I was afraid the whole time, she said. It was clear to me that her accomplishment was in her courage and resilience. She overcame her fears, skied through her trepidation. It was the first time – although not the last – that I thought Ella might be all right in her life, because she had shown me, and far more importantly, herself, that she was strong and brave and did not back away from challenges.

But, as anyone who has taught knows, only when the teacher become unnecessary and obsolete, and the student can carry on to the next stage of learning, is the teaching successful. And, as any parent knows, there is always a phase (hopefully just that) when children find spending time with their parents fundamentally uncool. Ella still lets me ski black diamonds with her, but she developed an interest in snowboarding, which I cannot help her with, and her enthusiasm for snow sports is now directly proportional to the presence and involvement of her friends. All of which makes me cherish every moment I spend on the slopes with her even more. I also hope, secretly, that in the some snow-filled future she will vividly recall our adventures and her memory of the day when skied through her trepidation. That moment will be my greatest skiing accomplishment.

Aleksandar Hemon is the author of seven books of fiction and nonfiction in English, most recently the memoir My Parents: An Introduction/This Does Not Belong to You. He is a professor or creative writing at Princeton University.

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